DOVES & PIGEONS
Australia is home to a variety of pigeon and dove species, with over 20 different species recorded across the country. Pigeons and doves in Australia contribute to the avian diversity and ecosystem health. Besides seed dispersal, they provide food for various predators, including raptors and snakes.
Their adaptability and roles in seed dispersal make them valuable components of the Australian wildlife. Conservation efforts are essential to ensure the survival of various pigeon and dove species in the wild.
Pigeons and doves are known for their adaptability to different environments. They can be found in a wide range of habitats, from forests and woodlands to urban areas and deserts.
Many Australian pigeon and dove species are frugivorous, which means they primarily feed on fruits and berries. They play a crucial role in seed dispersal, helping to regenerate native plants. Many native berries, like the Blueberry Ash, rely on pigeons to pass seeds through their digestive system, breaking down the hard outer layer for soil propagation. This role is vital to our ecosystem. Additionally, pigeons can inadvertently disperse native seeds beneath Camphor Laurels, promoting forest growth in some cases. Once native species are established, Camphor Laurels can be eradicated, providing essential tree hollows needed by endangered species.
Pigeons such as the Topknot and the White-headed pigeon now survive in small flocks on Camphor Laurel, though it may not adequately replace their diverse historical diet. Extensive planting of berry-producing fruits through Landcare initiatives has been a welcomed food source for these surviving pigeons. Notably, massive flocks of these pigeons that existed 80 years ago were hunted to near extinction.
Pigeons and doves engage in intricate courtship displays, which can involve cooing, bowing, and elaborate dances. These displays are used to attract mates and strengthen pair bonds.
Some pigeon and dove species in Australia are migratory, traveling vast distances to find food and suitable breeding grounds. The Diamond Dove, for example, undertakes seasonal migrations.
Several pigeon species have adapted well to urban environments and are commonly seen in cities and towns across Australia. They often forage for food in parks and on city streets.
Pigeons and doves build simple nests typically made of twigs and placed in trees or shrubs. They are known for their dedication to their nests and offspring. If pigeons are nesting in your yard, keep cats and dogs indoors, as the birds are particularly vulnerable during this time. If you find a pigeon chick on the ground, place it in a warm, dark, quiet box and search for its parents. If the chick is injured or may have been exposed to a cat, seek immediate help, as bacterial infection can be fatal. Avoid feeding them any food, as it can lead to sour crop, a potentially lethal condition, as pigeons feed their chicks with regurgitated crop milk. Contact your nearest Wildlife organisation for advice.
While some pigeon and dove species are abundant and adaptable, others face threats due to habitat loss, introduced predators, and environmental changes. Conservation efforts are important to protect these species and their habitats.
Pigeons are prone to collisions with windows. If such incidents occur, gently place the injured bird in a box in a warm, dark, quiet area away from other animals and children. Contact for assistance.
To reduce the likelihood of collisions, consider installing blinds, curtains, or shiny objects on problematic windows.
